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The addition of nutrients such as nitrate means that nutrients no longer limit plant growth.Algae begins to bloom which blocks out sunlight. As a result, plants cannot photosynthesise (or photosynthesis i...

This is an unexpected result as usually nutrients are considered beneficial to organisms. Some organisms do benefit enourmously from the nutrients, but this leads to the deaths of other. The high concentr...

Phagocytosis - A phagocyte detects the bacteria has foreign antigens and so envelops it with its cytoplasm, packaging it into a phagosome via endocytosis. Lysosomes then fuse with the phagosome releasing ...

Individuals with the recessive sickle-cell anaemia allele have a lower chance of developing severe malaria. Therefore, they are more likely to survive and reproduce than those without the allele. The alle...

Facilitated diffusion is a passive process that occurs down a concentration gradient. Active transport requires energy (from ATP) to allow movement of substances against a concentration gradient.