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The first line of defence is passive immunity. An example is the skin and its job is to prevent a pathogen entering the body in the first place. Pathogens cannot penetrate the skin. The second line of def...
Transcription is the making mRNA from DNA. Translation is using the mRNA to code for a protein.
The electrical activity is initiated by the pacemaker of the heart, the sino-atrial node at the top of the left atrium. This spreads across the atria before reaching the atrio-ventricular node. Here there...
A synapse is a small gap between neurones (nerve cells). Information is passed along the neurone as an electrical impulse, but to get from one neurone to the next, the information is converted into a chem...
The following answers this past exam question. Test your understanding by defining all the CAPITALISED words. Enzymes are GLOBULAR PROTEINS, which contain an active site to which the substrate binds. The ...
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