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Firstly, the alveoli walls consist of a one-cell thick layer of squamous epithelium. This means there is a thin barrier to diffusion, and a small distance for oxygen molecules to diffuse across to get to ...

Leguminous plants have nodules on their roots that contain, symbiotic bacteria. These bacteria are capable of turning gaseous nitrogen ultimately to nitrate, which the plant can then use in order to synth...

A reflex action is the body's rapid, involuntary response to external stimuli, often used in order to protect it from immediate harm. First, a receptor detects a stimulus, such as a heat source which coul...

First of all, it is important to define osmosis. If you have two solutions separated only by a semi-permeable membrane, and one solution is more concentrated than the other, then water will move from the ...

Different phenotypes can be generated without changes to the genotype through a process called Epigenetics. Epigenetics, meaning “above genes”, is the study of changes to the phenotype caused by changes i...