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Reflux apparatus is when a distillation tube is surrounded by an apparatus that pumps cold water around it in order to condense its compounds in the mixture
As ethanol has a low boiling point, it eva...

For any rate equation, the units have to be equal on either side of the equation. The rate of reaction always has the units mol dm^-3 s^-1, and the concentration species in the equatio...

Metals form metallic bonds, where unlike in covalent or ionic bonding, electrons are delocalised. This means the electrons can move freely throughout the metallic structure. Electricity is the flow of ele...

Substances can conduct electricity if there is a way for charge to flow through that substance. For a substance to conduct electricity, it needs to contain some sort of charge carrier - this could be an e...

A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without having been used up itself in the reaction. They function by providing a lower activation energy for the reaction to begin, which is a type of thr...