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To determine the side effects of taking the drug on humans, to test for toxicity, to determine the correct dosage needed, and to test the effectiveness (efficacy) of the drug.

Crude oil is seperated using a method called fractional distillation. The hydrocarbons that make up crude oil have different boiling points, so when the crude oil is heated, each compound evaporates at...

The definite particle in arabic includes the letters 'alif' and 'laam' at the beginning of the word, so pronounced as 'al'. The purpose is to render the noun on which it is pre-fixed to. Consequantly, ...

Alleles are different versions of a gene. Every person has two alleles for each gene (one from either parent). For example, the gene which determines eye colour can either have an allele ...

A C to C double bond has a high electron density. As the bromine gets close to the C=C bond the high electron density repels the electrons in the H-Br bond further towards the H making the H slightly n...