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The theory of Evolution by Natural Selection was first proposed by Darwin in 1859. Evolution is the observation that species change over time, for example the beak of birds getting larger or the neck of g...

Enzymes are globular (globe-like) proteins, meaning they exist as 3D structures. As a protein, it is composed of a chain of amino acids which is able to fold into secondary structures such as alpha-helice...

Genes are the code that makes up all life on Earth. Genes are sections of the long chain-like molecule called DNA, which is found coiled up into chromosomes in the nucleus of cells. The most important par...

The external intercostal muscles contract, pulling the ribs upwards and outwards. At the same time the muscles of the diaphragm contract, pulling the diaphragm down and causing it to flatten. Both of thes...

Trypsin is a protease that acts in the small intestine to digest proteins. The advantage of it being produced inactive form in the pancreas is so that it doesn't digest pancreatic proteins. This means it ...