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Initially, the bacteria/pathogen will bind to a receptor located on the surface membrane of the macrophage. Pseudopodia will form around the bacteria, resulting in the macrophage surrounding the bacteria/...

Trachea- c shaped cartilage provides structure and support, goblet cells and ciliated epithelium, secrete mucus to trap dust and pathogens and waf...

Vaccinations are given to provide immunity and protection against a certain disease or pathogen. The vaccine itself contains a weakened 'version' of the pathogen that retains its antigens but not its abil...

Reflexes allow you to respond to a stimuli (change in environment). A simple reflex begins with a receptor which are found in sense organs and allow you to detect the stimuli. An example of a sense organ ...

So to start with draw a free body diagram of a block on the slope at point A with the forces acting on it which will be the downward force of mass x g (2g) due to gravity and the reaction force 2gcos@. Th...