Search over 10,000 free study notes

Giant covalent structures are made up of many covalent bonds between atoms. They have high melting points because it takes a lot of energy to break the strong covalent bonds between the a...

H₂SO₄ ---> 2H⁺ + SO₄^{2-                                                                                                                                  ...}

Mass of the isotope/atom compared to 1/12th the mass of an atom of Carbon 12 (12C)

Persists in the environment/soil/water. Enters the food chain and builds up the higher up the chain you move. Can enter human tissue eventually.  

The sigma bond results due to the overlapping of orbitals along an inter-nuclearaxis.  In other words if two s orbitals are directly overlapping, then the bond formed is linear b...